Notes

Note for: Almos Árpád, 1070 - 1127 Index

Individual note: prince de Hongrie et duc de Croatie.

Notes

Note for: Doubravka Ceski Czeska - Premyslovcu Przemysl, 928 - 977 Index

Individual note: daughter of Duke Boleslav I of Bohemia and of Adiva of England, daughter of King Edward the Elder of England.

Notes

Note for: Dobromir , - Index

Individual note: Duke of Lusatia = Luzyce

Notes

Note for: Judith Ceski, - 1086 Index

Individual note: Judith de Bohême, la fille de Vratislav II

Notes

Note for: Richeza von Lothringen, 995 - 1063 Index

Individual note: She was the daughter of the Count Palatine Ezzo of Lotharingia (Ezzonen) and Mathilde of Saxony (daughter of emperor Otto II and Theophanu). Her mother, Mathilde of Saxony, was the sister of Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor.

Notes

Note for: Lev Rus' Kiev 94- Halych-Volodymyr, (1228) - 1301 Index

Individual note: Duke of Belz (1245-64), Duke of Halicz (1264-69),
King of Galicia (1269-1301),
he moved his capital from Galich/Halicz to the newly-founded city of Lvov/Lwow (Lemberg),

Notes

Note for: Stepan Uros I Ouroch Nemanja, (1220) - 1277 Index

Individual note: prince de Raska

Notes

Note for: Alexios III Byzantine - Angelos, (1148) - Index

Individual note: Il renverse son frère Isaac II, l'emprisonne et lui fait crever les yeux.
Emprisonne son gendre Teodore 1° jusqu'à sa mort.

Notes

Note for: Stefan Dobroslav I Vojislavljevic, (1010) - Index

Individual note: ruler of Duklja (1034-1050). "Stefan" was a nickname originating from the Greek word Stephanos meaning "crowned".

Having reached its pinnacle during the long reign of emperor Basil II, the Byzantine empire entered, following his death in 1025, a steady decline. This was particularly evident in the Balkans. There, the elimination of the perennial Bulgarian threat, combined with insensitive taxation policy reversals, helped spur liberation movements. Around 1035, Stefan Vojislav, cousin of the assassinated Vladimir of Zeta, asserted full independence for Duklja. He was initially defeated and imprisoned in Constantinople with his realm annexed under the control of Serbia's strategos Theophilos Erotikosbut but Stefan managed to escape and returned to rekindle the struggle.

Taking advantage of guerilla warfare and the distracting effects of other uprisings, he staved off several punitive expeditions, asserting partial control over the principalities of Travunija and Zahumlje in the process. Thus, by 1040 his state stretched in the coastal region from Ston in the north, down to the Lake of Skadar, where he set up his capital, with other courts in Trebinje, Kotor and Bar.

The Byzantine Emperor Michael, waiting in Thessalonika, was to receive a shipment of gold of 10 Kentenars from Southern Italia. One galley accidentally crashed in Duklja's Bay. Its treasures were taken by the Voislav's men, which greatly enriched Duklja's economy. This incurred Michael's fury, as he sent Imperial Eunuch George Probat to crush Voislav's movement. The Eunuch's army was caught in the Doclean Gorges in an ambush and suffered a total defeat. Voislav's son, Radoslav was famous for killing a Byzantine military commander himself on the battlefield. The Slavic uprisings in Macedonia of Peter Delian who now crowned himself as Czar Peter II of Bulgarians stopped any possibility for another Byzantine military attempt against Duklja.

In 1042, the new emperor Constantine IX decided to field a more serious army against Duklja, aided by a coalition of three bribed neighboring Serbian principalities. The ensuing battles ended in total victory for Vojislav, accompanied with further expansion. Thus, Duklja became the leading Serbian state organization which replaced - in terms of leadership - the onetime "baptized" or "evangelized" Serbia, centered in Raska; it occupied this position until the turn of the 11th century. Vojislav spent the rest of his rule in peace, until his death in ca. 1051. He was succeeded by his widow and five sons - Gojislav, Predimir, Mihailo, Saganek and Radoslav.